NexuScript 1.5
NexuScript syntax reference.
Every keyword, operator, type, built-in value and function of NexuScript 1.5, with its parameters, what it returns, how it treats missing values, the errors it can raise and an example you can paste into the script editor.
How to read an entry
- Syntax shows each parameter as
name::Type.= valueis the default when you leave it out;automaticmeans the function picks a sensible value for you. A parameter marked fixed must be the same on every bar (a number, an input or a constant). - Give arguments by position or by name:
plot("Fast", fast, color = color.blue). Positional ones come first. - NexuScript 1.N is the version that added the name. A script that uses it starts with
nexscript 1.Nor later. - Times are milliseconds since 1970-01-01 UTC unless an entry says otherwise. Error codes such as
NS420are listed under each entry and explained in full where the script editor shows them.
Script structure
The header, the declaration, settings and the block that runs on every bar.
nexscriptThe first line of every script: the language version it is written for.indicatorNames the script and says where it draws.strategyNames a script that may also ask for orders and read its position.inputA setting the trader can change in the indicator's settings window.constA name for a value that never changes.stateA variable that keeps its value from one bar to the next.enumA type with a fixed list of named choices.functionDefines your own function.on barThe block that runs once for every bar, oldest first, and again each time the newest bar changes.
Statements and control flow
Variables, decisions, loops and functions.
letDeclares a local variable that may be changed later in its block.ifRuns a block only when a condition is true, with optional
elseif and else branches.forRepeats a block over a range of numbers or over the items of an array.breakLeaves the innermost loop at once.continueSkips to the next turn of the innermost loop.returnLeaves a function with a value, or ends this bar's run early in on bar.=Assigns a new value to a variable or an array item.switchRuns the block of the first case that matches a value, or the else block when none does.Operators
Arithmetic, comparison, logic and text. Operators bind from the loosest (? :) to the tightest (^, then calls and [ ]).
+Adds two numbers.-Subtracts, or flips the sign of a number.*Multiplies two numbers, or joins two texts./Divides two numbers.%The remainder of a division, with the sign of the left side.^Raises a number to a power.==True when two values of the same type are equal.!=True when two values of the same type differ.<True when the left number is smaller.<=True when the left number is smaller or equal.>True when the left number is larger.>=True when the left number is larger or equal.&&True when both sides are true.||True when either side is true.!Turns true into false and false into true.? :Picks one of two values by a condition.[ ]Reads a value from n bars ago, or an item of an array.$( )Puts values inside text..Reads a name from a namespace such as
ta or color, or a named part of a tuple.Types and literals
Every value has one of these types. There are no hidden conversions.
NumberA 64-bit floating-point number; whole numbers are numbers too.BoolEither
true or false.StringText, written in double quotes.ColorA colour with its transparency, or no colour.ArrayAn ordered list of values of one type, counted from 1.tupleA fixed group of values, plain (a, b) or named (fast = f, slow = s).missingThe number that is not there: a gap, or a value not worked out yet.trueThe Bool value for yes.falseThe Bool value for no.IntMakes an input a whole-number setting, whatever the default is written like.FloatMakes an input a number-with-decimals setting.SymbolMakes an input a symbol setting; empty text means the chart's own symbol.TimeframeMakes an input a timeframe dropdown.structDeclares a record type: a named group of typed fields, built with the type's name like a function.Bar values
The prices, volume and time of the bar being run, and where it sits in the chart.
openThe bar's opening price.highThe bar's highest price.lowThe bar's lowest price.closeThe bar's closing price (the last price on the forming bar).volumeThe number of contracts traded in the bar.timeWhen the bar opened.hl2A typical price of the bar: (high + low) / 2.hlc3A typical price of the bar: (high + low + close) / 3.ohlc4A typical price of the bar: (open + high + low + close) / 4.hlcc4A typical price of the bar: (high + low + close + close) / 4.bar.indexThe number of the bar: 0 for the oldest bar the script sees.bar.firstTrue on the oldest bar the script sees.bar.lastTrue on the newest bar.bar.confirmedTrue when the bar is closed and will not change.bar.historyTrue when the bar had already closed when the script started.bar.realtimeTrue on bars that formed while the chart was open.
Time and sessions
Bar times, the exchange and chart time zones, sessions, the trading day and countdowns.
hourThe hour of the bar's opening time.minuteThe minute of the bar's opening time.weekdayThe day of the week of the bar's opening time.dayThe day of the month of the bar's opening time.monthThe month of the bar's opening time.yearThe year of the bar's opening time.session.withinTests whether the bar opens inside a time window of the day.session.elapsedHow many minutes have passed since a time window opened.session.startsTests whether this is the first bar inside a time window.period.startsTests whether this bar starts a new session, day, week, month, quarter or year.clock.nowThe chart clock: the time on the bar being run.clock.bar_closeThe time the bar being run closes.clock.to_closeHow long is left until the bar being run closes.clock.countdownThe time left in the bar being run, written as a countdown such as
3:05.clock.trading_dayThe trading day the bar belongs to, as a number such as 20261030.clock.chart_zoneThe name of the time zone the chart displays.clock.exchange_zoneThe name of the time zone of the exchange the symbol trades on.clock.formatWrites a time as text in a pattern you choose, such as 2026-10-30 09:30.clock.wallSplits a time into its year, month, day, hour, minute, second and weekday on a zone's clock.clock.timeBuilds a time from a date and a time of day on a zone's clock.clock.offsetHow many minutes a zone's clock is ahead of UTC at a given time.session.is_openTests whether the symbol's trading session is open on the chart clock.session.open_timeWhen the current trading session opened, or when the next one opens while it is closed.session.close_timeWhen the current trading session closes, or when the next one closes while it is closed.session.to_openHow long until the next trading session opens.session.to_closeHow long is left until the current trading session closes.Symbol and timeframe
Facts about the chart's symbol and bar size. Fixed for a run, so they may be read in setup.
symbol.tickerThe full ticker of the chart's symbol, such as
NQZ6.symbol.rootThe product code of the chart's symbol without the contract month, such as NQ.symbol.exchangeThe exchange the chart's symbol trades on, such as CME.symbol.descriptionThe full name of the chart's symbol, such as E-mini Nasdaq-100.symbol.tickThe smallest step the price can move, such as 0.25 for NQ.symbol.point_valueHow much money a move of 1.0 in price is worth on one contract.symbol.qty_stepThe smallest step an order size can take.symbol.timezoneThe time zone of the exchange the symbol trades on.symbol.sessionThe trading hours of the symbol, as a time window.timeframe.nameThe chart's bar size, written as text.timeframe.secondsHow long one bar of the chart lasts, in seconds.timeframe.intradayTests whether the chart's bars are shorter than one day.symbol.contractThe contract shown on the chart, such as NQZ6.symbol.asset_classWhat kind of market the symbol is: futures or perpetuals.symbol.tick_valueHow much money one tick is worth on one contract.symbol.currencyThe currency the symbol's prices and money values are in, such as USD.symbol.min_qtyThe smallest order size allowed.symbol.expiryWhen the chart's contract expires.symbol.rollWhen trading is expected to move from the chart's contract to the next one.symbol.funding_hoursHow many hours pass between a perpetual's funding payments.Math
Numbers. Every function returns missing when an input is missing, unless it says otherwise.
piThe number pi, half a turn in radians (3.141592653589793).absThe size of a number without its sign.signWhether a number is below, at or above zero.sqrtThe square root of a number.floorRounds down to a whole number.ceilRounds up to a whole number.truncDrops the fraction of a number, toward zero.expRaises e to a power.logThe natural logarithm (base e).log10The base-10 logarithm.log2The base-2 logarithm.sinThe sine of an angle.cosThe cosine of an angle.tanThe tangent of an angle.asinThe angle whose sine is a number.acosThe angle whose cosine is a number.atanThe angle whose tangent is a number, or the angle of a point when given two numbers.atan2The angle of the point (x, y); write it as
atan(y, x).roundRounds a number to a whole number or to a number of decimals.round_to_tickRounds a price to the nearest price the symbol can trade at.minThe smallest of two or more numbers.maxThe largest of two or more numbers.clampKeeps a number between a lower and an upper limit.modThe remainder after dividing, always with the sign of the divisor.ismissingTests whether a number is missing.isfiniteTests whether a number is an ordinary number: not missing and not infinite.coalesceThe first of its arguments that is not missing.Text
Building and searching text.
stringTurns any values into text and joins them together.uppercaseThe same text in capital letters.lowercaseThe same text in small letters.containsTests whether one text appears anywhere inside another.startswithTests whether a text begins with another text.endswithTests whether a text ends with another text.findThe position where one text first appears inside another.sliceA piece of a text, from one position to another.lengthHow many characters are in a text, or how many items are in an array.
Arrays
Ordered lists. Indexes start at 1.
isemptyTests whether an array has no items.firstThe first item of an array.lastThe last item of an array.sumAll the numbers in an array added together.minimumThe smallest number in an array.maximumThe largest number in an array.fillA new array made of the same value repeated.push!Adds an item to the end of an array.pushfirst!Adds an item to the front of an array.pop!Removes the last item of an array and gives it back.popfirst!Removes the first item of an array and gives it back.
Technical analysis
Averages, oscillators and signals. Each call keeps its own memory, so it must run on every bar (the call-site rule).
ta.true_rangeHow far price really moved on this bar, gaps from the previous close included.ta.smaThe simple moving average: the plain mean of the last
length values.ta.emaThe exponential moving average, which follows recent prices more closely than a simple average.ta.rmaWilder's moving average, a slower exponential average used inside RSI and ATR.ta.wmaThe weighted moving average, where newer values count more.ta.vwmaThe volume-weighted moving average: bars with more volume count more.ta.linregThe value of the best straight line through the last length values, at the newest bar.ta.highestThe highest of the last length values, this bar included.ta.lowestThe lowest of the last length values, this bar included.ta.since_highestHow many bars ago the highest of the last length values was.ta.since_lowestHow many bars ago the lowest of the last length values was.ta.stdevHow spread out the last length values are (the standard deviation).ta.mean_devThe average distance of the last length values from their mean.ta.sumThe total of the last length values.ta.rocThe rate of change: how many percent x moved over length bars.ta.percent_rankWhere x stands against the previous length values, from 0 to 100.ta.rsiThe Relative Strength Index, a 0 to 100 measure of how strong recent gains are against recent losses.ta.swmaA short smoothing over the last four values, with the middle two counted twice.ta.cumsumA running total of every value since the first bar.ta.changeHow much x changed since length bars ago.ta.atrThe Average True Range: how far price typically moves per bar.ta.stochThe stochastic oscillator: where x sits inside the high to low range of the last length bars.ta.macdThe MACD: the gap between a fast and a slow EMA, with a signal line and a histogram.ta.bandsBands around a moving average, set a number of standard deviations above and below it.ta.crossoverTrue on the bar where a moves from at or below b to above it.ta.crossunderTrue on the bar where a moves from at or above b to below it.ta.crossTrue on the bar where a crosses b in either direction.ta.bars_sinceHow many bars ago a condition was last true.ta.value_whenThe value x had the last time a condition was true.ta.cciThe Commodity Channel Index: how far x is from its mean, in units of its mean deviation.ta.mfiThe Money Flow Index: a 0 to 100 measure of buying against selling pressure, weighted by volume.ta.almaThe Arnaud Legoux moving average: a Gaussian-weighted average that can lean towards the newest bars.ta.pivot_highA swing high: the value right bars ago when it is above the left values before it and the right values after it.ta.pivot_lowA swing low: the value right bars ago when it is below the left values before it and the right values after it.ta.fill_missingThe latest value of x that was not missing: gaps are filled with the value before them.ta.demaThe double exponential moving average, which lags less than ta.ema.ta.temaThe triple exponential moving average, which lags even less than ta.dema.ta.t3Tillson's T3: a very smooth average built from six exponential averages.ta.psarThe Parabolic SAR: a trailing stop that follows the trend and speeds up as it runs.ta.cummaxThe highest value x has had so far on the chart.ta.cumminThe lowest value x has had so far on the chart.ml.lorentzian_knnA nearest-neighbour vote: how the bars whose features looked most like this bar's were labelled.Other timeframes and symbols
Reading a higher timeframe or another symbol, always through the chart's own data.
Using other indicators
Reading the outputs of another indicator, never its code: built-ins, Nexus library indicators, your own scripts, and indicators you have access to (NexuScript 1.5).
Colors
Named colours, custom colours, transparency and gradients.
color.hexA colour from its hex code, such as
"#22c55e".color.rgbA colour from its red, green and blue amounts, with an optional opacity.color.fadeMakes a colour more see-through by a percentage.color.alphaSets the opacity of a colour to an exact amount.color.greenThe named colour green, #22c55e.color.redThe named colour red, #ef4444.color.blueThe named colour blue, #3b82f6.color.orangeThe named colour orange, #ff9800.color.yellowThe named colour yellow, #eab308.color.purpleThe named colour purple, #7e57c2.color.tealThe named colour teal, #26a69a.color.grayThe named colour gray, #787b86.color.whiteThe named colour white, #ffffff.color.blackThe named colour black, #000000.color.noneNo colour at all, so nothing is drawn.color.mixBlends two colours together.color.gradientPicks a colour for a value on a scale between two colours.Plotting and drawing
Plots, shading, lines, boxes, labels, markers, tables and the chart's own candles.
plotDraws one value per bar as a line, steps, an area, bars or dots.bandShades the space between two plots on this bar.markerPuts a label, arrow or shape on this bar or on another bar.lineDraws a straight line between two points placed by time and price.boxDraws a rectangle between two corners placed by time and price.polylineDraws one line through a list of points, open or closed into a shape.backgroundTints the chart behind this bar.candle_colorColours the chart's own candle on this bar.candleDraws a candle on each bar from the script's own open, high, low and close.tableShows a small panel of text in a corner of the chart.cellBuilds one table cell with its own text colour and background.levelDraws a fixed horizontal line across the whole pane.shadeShades the space between any two values on this bar, such as a line and a fixed level.hlineDraws a horizontal line at a price, starting at this bar.vlineDraws a vertical line the full height of the pane at a time.
Order flow
Volume at each price inside a bar, and the order book.
Alerts and output
Telling the trader something happened.
Strategies
Order calls and reads, in strategy scripts only. An order call only records what the script asks for; backtests read it, nothing is sent.
order.buyAsks for an order that buys, at market, at a limit or on a stop.order.sellAsks for an order that sells, at market, at a limit or on a stop.order.cancelAsks to cancel the working orders this script placed under one id.order.cancel_allAsks to cancel every working order on the chart's symbol in the account.order.closeAsks to close the whole position on the chart's symbol at market.order.last_errorWhy the last order call of the previous run was refused, or empty text.position.sizeThe net position on the chart's symbol.position.avgThe average price of the position on the chart's symbol.position.open_pnlThe open profit or loss of the position on the chart's symbol.account.balanceThe account's balance.account.equityThe account's balance plus its open profit or loss.account.day_pnlThe account's profit or loss for the trading day.account.open_pnlThe open profit or loss across the whole account.account.buying_powerHow much the account can still use to open trades.ordersThe working orders on the chart's symbol, one named tuple each.order.exitAsks for an order that only reduces the position: all of it or part, at market, at a limit or on a stop.position.barsHow many bars the position has been open: 0 on the bar whose open filled the entry.